Acne Treatment: Causes, Types, and Best Solutions

What is Acne?

Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells. This leads to whiteheads, blackheads, pimples, and in severe cases, cysts or nodules. While acne is most prevalent during adolescence, it can affect individuals of all ages.

Causes of Acne

Several factors contribute to acne breakouts, including:

• Excess Oil (Sebum) Production – Overactive sebaceous glands clog pores.
• Clogged Pores – Dead skin cells accumulate and block hair follicles.
• Bacteria (Propionibacterium acnes) – Bacteria trapped in clogged pores cause inflammation.
• Hormonal Changes – Puberty, pregnancy, and hormonal disorders can trigger acne.
• Diet & Lifestyle Factors – High glycemic foods, dairy products, and stress may worsen acne.

Types of Acne

1. Non-Inflammatory Acne

• Blackheads (Open Comedones): Clogged pores exposed to air, appearing dark.
• Whiteheads (Closed Comedones): Clogged pores covered by skin, appearing white.

2. Inflammatory Acne

• Papules: Small, red, inflamed bumps without pus.
• Pustules: Pimples filled with pus, often red at the base.
• Nodules: Large, painful lumps deep within the skin.
• Cysts: Severe pus-filled lesions that can lead to scarring.

Best Acne Treatment Options

1. Topical Medications

• Retinoids (Adapalene, Tretinoin): Promote cell turnover and prevent clogged pores.
• Benzoyl Peroxide: Kills acne-causing bacteria and reduces inflammation.
• Salicylic Acid: Exfoliates skin and helps clear pores.
• Antibiotic Creams (Clindamycin, Erythromycin): Reduce bacterial growth and inflammation.

2. Oral Medications

• Oral Antibiotics (Doxycycline, Minocycline): Reduce bacterial infection and inflammation.
• Hormonal Therapy (Oral Contraceptives, Spironolactone): Regulates hormone-induced acne.
• Isotretinoin (Accutane): A powerful treatment for severe, cystic acne.

3. Advanced Acne Procedures

• Chemical Peels: Help exfoliate the skin and remove dead cells.
• Laser Therapy: Targets bacteria and reduces excess oil production.
• Microneedling: Stimulates collagen production for acne scar healing.
• Comedone Extraction: Manual removal of blackheads and whiteheads by a dermatologist.

Lifestyle & Skincare Tips for Acne Prevention

• Follow a Consistent Skincare Routine – Use a gentle cleanser and non-comedogenic products.
• Avoid Touching Your Face – Prevents bacteria and oil transfer.
• Manage Stress Levels – Reduces hormone-related breakouts.
• Eat a Balanced Diet – Avoid excessive sugar and dairy consumption.
• Stay Hydrated – Promotes healthy skin regeneration.

When to Consult a Dermatologist?

If acne is persistent, severe, or causing scars, consulting a dermatologist is essential for a personalized treatment plan. At Dr. Kritika Derma Clinic, we offer advanced acne treatments tailored to your skin type and condition.